> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://alomancy.gitbook.io/guides/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://alomancy.gitbook.io/guides/linux/checklist-linux-priv-esc.md). # Checklist - Linux Priv Esc ### **Best tool to look for Linux local privilege escalation vectors:** [**LinPEAS**](https://github.com/carlospolop/privilege-escalation-awesome-scripts-suite/tree/master/linPEAS) ### [System Information](https://book.hacktricks.xyz/linux-unix/privilege-escalation#system-information) * [ ] Get **OS information** * [ ] Check the [**PATH**](https://book.hacktricks.xyz/linux-unix/privilege-escalation#path), any **writable folder**? * [ ] Check [**env variables**](https://book.hacktricks.xyz/linux-unix/privilege-escalation#env-info), any sensitive detail? * [ ] Search for [**kernel exploits**](https://book.hacktricks.xyz/linux-unix/privilege-escalation#kernel-exploits) **using scripts** (DirtyCow?) * [ ] **Check** if the [**sudo version** is vulnerable](https://book.hacktricks.xyz/linux-unix/privilege-escalation#sudo-version) * [ ] [**Dmesg** signature verification failed](https://book.hacktricks.xyz/linux-unix/privilege-escalation#dmesg-signature-verification-failed) error? * [ ] More system enum ([date, system stats, cpu info, printers](https://book.hacktricks.xyz/linux-unix/privilege-escalation#more-system-enumeration)) * [ ] [Enumerate more defenses](https://book.hacktricks.xyz/linux-unix/privilege-escalation#enumerate-possible-defenses) ### [Drives](https://book.hacktricks.xyz/linux-unix/privilege-escalation#drives) * [ ] **List mounted** drives * [ ] **Any unmounted drive?** * [ ] **Any creds in fstab?** ### [**Installed Software**](https://book.hacktricks.xyz/linux-unix/privilege-escalation#installed-software) * [ ] **Check for** [**useful software**](https://book.hacktricks.xyz/linux-unix/privilege-escalation#useful-software) **installed** * [ ] **Check for** [**vulnerable software**](https://book.hacktricks.xyz/linux-unix/privilege-escalation#vulnerable-software-installed) **installed** ### [Processes](https://book.hacktricks.xyz/linux-unix/privilege-escalation#processes) * [ ] Is any **unknown software running**? * [ ] Is any software with **more privileges that it should have running**? * [ ] Search for **exploits for running processes** (specially if running of versions) * [ ] Can you **modify the binary** of any running process? * [ ] **Monitor processes** and check if any interesting process is running frequently * [ ] Can you **read** some interesting **process memory** (where passwords could be saved)? ### [Scheduled/Cron jobs?](https://book.hacktricks.xyz/linux-unix/privilege-escalation#scheduled-jobs) * [ ] Is the [**PATH**](https://book.hacktricks.xyz/linux-unix/privilege-escalation#cron-path) being modified by some cron and you can **write** in it? * [ ] Any [**wildcard**](https://book.hacktricks.xyz/linux-unix/privilege-escalation#cron-using-a-script-with-a-wildcard-wildcard-injection) in a cron job? * [ ] Some [**modifiable script**](https://book.hacktricks.xyz/linux-unix/privilege-escalation#cron-script-overwriting-and-symlink) is being **executed** or is inside **modifiable folder**? * [ ] Have you detected that some **script** could be being [**executed** very **frequently**](https://book.hacktricks.xyz/linux-unix/privilege-escalation#frequent-cron-jobs)? (every 1, 2 or 5 minutes) ### [Services](https://book.hacktricks.xyz/linux-unix/privilege-escalation#services) * [ ] Any **writable .service** file? * [ ] Any **writable binary** executed by a **service**? * [ ] Any **writable folder in systemd PATH**? ### [Timers](https://book.hacktricks.xyz/linux-unix/privilege-escalation#timers) * [ ] Any **writable timer**? ### [Sockets](https://book.hacktricks.xyz/linux-unix/privilege-escalation#sockets) * [ ] Any **writable .socket** file? * [ ] Can you **communicate with any socket**? * [ ] **HTTP sockets** with interesting info? ### [D-Bus](https://book.hacktricks.xyz/linux-unix/privilege-escalation#d-bus) * [ ] Can you **communicate with any D-Bus**? ### [Network](https://book.hacktricks.xyz/linux-unix/privilege-escalation#network) * [ ] Enumerate the network to know where you are * [ ] **Open ports you couldn't access before** getting a shell inside the machine? * [ ] Can you **sniff traffic** using `tcpdump`? ### [Users](https://book.hacktricks.xyz/linux-unix/privilege-escalation#users) * [ ] Generic users/groups **enumeration** * [ ] Do you have a **very big UID**? Is the **machine** **vulnerable**? * [ ] Can you [**escalate privileges thanks to a group**](https://book.hacktricks.xyz/linux-unix/privilege-escalation/interesting-groups-linux-pe) you belong to? * [ ] **Clipboard** data? * [ ] Password Policy? * [ ] Try to **use** every **known password** that you have discovered previously to login **with each** possible **user**. Try to login also without password. ### [Writable PATH](https://book.hacktricks.xyz/linux-unix/privilege-escalation#writable-path-abuses) * [ ] If you have **write privileges over some folder in PATH** you may be able to escalate privileges ### [SUDO and SUID commands](https://book.hacktricks.xyz/linux-unix/privilege-escalation#sudo-and-suid) * [ ] Can you execute **any comand with sudo**? Can you use it to READ, WRITE or EXECUTE anything as root? ([**GTFOBins**](https://gtfobins.github.io/)) * [ ] Is any **exploitable suid binary**? ([**GTFOBins**](https://gtfobins.github.io/)) * [ ] Are [**sudo** commands **limited** by **path**? can you **bypass** the restrictions](https://book.hacktricks.xyz/linux-unix/privilege-escalation#sudo-execution-bypassing-paths)? * [ ] [**Sudo/SUID binary without path indicated**?](https://book.hacktricks.xyz/linux-unix/privilege-escalation#sudo-command-suid-binary-without-command-path) * [ ] [**SUID binary specifying path**](https://book.hacktricks.xyz/linux-unix/privilege-escalation#suid-binary-with-command-path)? Bypass * [ ] [**LD\_PRELOAD vuln**](https://book.hacktricks.xyz/linux-unix/privilege-escalation#ld_preload) * [ ] [**Lack of .so library in SUID binary**](https://book.hacktricks.xyz/linux-unix/privilege-escalation#suid-binary-so-injection) from a writable folder? * [ ] [**SUDO tokens available**](https://book.hacktricks.xyz/linux-unix/privilege-escalation#reusing-sudo-tokens)? [**Can you create a SUDO token**](https://book.hacktricks.xyz/linux-unix/privilege-escalation#var-run-sudo-ts-less-than-username-greater-than)? * [ ] Can you [**read or modify sudoers files**](https://book.hacktricks.xyz/linux-unix/privilege-escalation#etc-sudoers-etc-sudoers-d)? * [ ] Can you [**modify /etc/ld.so.conf.d/**](https://book.hacktricks.xyz/linux-unix/privilege-escalation#etc-ld-so-conf-d)? * [ ] [**OpenBSD DOAS**](https://book.hacktricks.xyz/linux-unix/privilege-escalation#doas) command ### [Capabilities](https://book.hacktricks.xyz/linux-unix/privilege-escalation#capabilities) * [ ] Has any binary any **unexpected capability**? ### [ACLs](https://book.hacktricks.xyz/linux-unix/privilege-escalation#acls) * [ ] Has any file any **unexpected ACL**? ### [Open Shell sessions](https://book.hacktricks.xyz/linux-unix/privilege-escalation#open-shell-sessions) * [ ] **screen**? * [ ] **tmux**? ### [SSH](https://book.hacktricks.xyz/linux-unix/privilege-escalation#ssh) * [ ] **Debian** [**OpenSSL Predictable PRNG - CVE-2008-0166**](https://book.hacktricks.xyz/linux-unix/privilege-escalation#debian-openssl-predictable-prng-cve-2008-0166) * [ ] [**SSH Interesting configuration values**](https://book.hacktricks.xyz/linux-unix/privilege-escalation#ssh-interesting-configuration-values) ### [Interesting Files](https://book.hacktricks.xyz/linux-unix/privilege-escalation#interesting-files) * [ ] **Profile files** - Read sensitive data? Write to privesc? * [ ] **passwd/shadow files** - Read sensitive data? Write to privesc? * [ ] **Check commonly interesting folders** for sensitive data * [ ] **Weird Localtion/Owned files,** you may have access or alter executable files * [ ] **Modified** in last mins * [ ] **Sqlite DB files** * [ ] **Hidden files** * [ ] **Script/Binaries in PATH** * [ ] **Web files** (passwords?) * [ ] **Backups**? * [ ] **Known files that contains passwords**: Use **Linpeas** and **LaZagne** * [ ] **Generic search** ### [**Writable Files**](https://book.hacktricks.xyz/linux-unix/privilege-escalation#writable-files) * [ ] **Modify python library** to execute arbitrary commands? * [ ] Can you **modify log files**? **Logtotten** exploit * [ ] Can you **modify /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/**? Centos/Redhat exploit * [ ] Can you [**write in ini, int.d, systemd or rc.d files**](https://book.hacktricks.xyz/linux-unix/privilege-escalation#init-init-d-systemd-and-rc-d)? ### [**Other tricks**](https://book.hacktricks.xyz/linux-unix/privilege-escalation#other-tricks) * [ ] Can you [**abuse NFS to escalate privileges**?](https://book.hacktricks.xyz/linux-unix/privilege-escalation#nfs-privilege-escalation) * [ ] Do you need to [**escape from a restrictive shell**?](https://book.hacktricks.xyz/linux-unix/privilege-escalation#escaping-from-restricted-shells)